Stomatologist № 4 (31) – 2018, pp. 10-16                                                                                                                                 Scientific publication

Specific features of the apical delta in patients with endoperiodontitis

L.N. Dedovaa, Yu.L. Denisovaa, N.I. Rossenikb, V.I. Darevskyc

aMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
bBelarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
cMD, PhD, Associate professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/stomatologist.2018.4(31).2

ABSTRACT
Specific features of the anatomical and topographical structure of the teeth, in particular, the pathways such as apical foramen, open dentinal tubules, lateral and additional canals, as well as apical delta play a significant role in the development of endoperiodontitis.
The aim of the study was to investigate the specific features of the apical delta in teeth with complex endoperiodontitis around patients with periodontal diseases.
Objects and methods. The research included the clinical and radiographic examination (cone-beam computed tomography) of 380 patients aged 35–44 years with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity. The localization of the apical delta corresponded to the distance between the radiographic apex and the end of the visualized part of the main root canal.
Results and discussion. Totally 63.9% of patients with periodontal diseases have complex endoperiodontitis. The apical delta is most common in the molars of the lower (19.6 %) and upper (16.3 %) jaws. The lowest incidence of the apical delta is in upper (5.1 %) and lower (7.4 %) canines. The maximum biological length of the apical delta (BLA) is in the premolars of the upper jaw (2.34 ± 0.67 mm).
Conclusions.. The specific feature of the apical delta is its high prevalence (13.6 %) among patients with complex endoperiodontitis. The mean BLA is 1.96 ± 0.68 mm (range 0.8–3.4 mm) that gives the reason to designate it as a particular test in the complex of diagnostic measures.

Keywords: apical delta, endoperiodontitis, periodontal disease

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: Dedova.bsmu@mail.ru