Dentist № 4 (39) – 2020, pp. 8-15                                                                                                   SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

Clinical and roentgenological evaluation of the status of periodontal tissues in laboratory animals in the application of mesenchymal stem cells

S.P. Rubnikovicha, S.V. Sirakb, Yu.L. Denisovac, V.A. Andreevad, E.V. Kuzmenkod, L.N. Dedovac, I.S. Khomichd, I.D. Volotovskye

aMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus
bMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia
cMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
dMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus
ePhD, DBiolSci, Professor, Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2020.4(39).8

ABSTRACT
The article presents an experimental rationale for the use of mesenchymal stem cells to improve the condition of periodontal tissues.
The aim of the study. To establish changes in periodontal tissues when using a biomedical cell product based on allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells of adipose tissue in the experiment.
Objects and methods. Clinical and radiological changes in periodontal tissues were evaluated in experimental animals with formed bone defects filled with mesenchymal adipose stem cells in the main study groups.
Results and discussion. The time of the mucous membrane regeneration in the surgical area was comparable in all main study groups. Meanwhile, postoperative gum recession was observed in animals of the control group. The significant differences between clinical pictures in I–IV study groups during all observation periods after the surgery were not revealed. However, the restoration process signs in the post-resection area revealed during roentgenological examination in groups where osteoinduced mesenchymal stem cells, as well as a mixture of mesenchymal stem cell cultures and osteoinduced mesenchymal stem cells were used, were most pronounced, that was confirmed by bone mineral density.
Conclusion. A model of experimental periodontitis that could be used in evaluation of bone tissue restoration processes has been developed in a laboratory animal. The use of collagen membranes with suspension of allogeneic osteoinduced mesenchymal adipose tissue stem cell cultures, as well as membranes with a suspension of a mixture of allogeneic mesenchymal adipose tissue stem cell cultures and allogeneic osteoinduced mesenchymal adipose tissue stem cells in 1:1 ratio in created experimental model makes it possible to achieve higher rates of bone tissue recovery.

Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells, bone mineral density, cone beam computed tomography, periodontitis

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: rubnikovich@mail.ru