Dentist № 2 (45) – 2022, pp. 27-30                                                                                           SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

Prognosis of implantological treatment taking into account the structure of soft tissues surrounding the dental implant

T.L. Shevelaa, I.O. Pohodenko-Chudakovab

aMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
b MD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2022.2(45).6

ABSTRACT
When planning the installation of dental implants, the structure of bone tissue, the degree of atrophy, relief and height of the alveolar ridge are necessarily taken into account. However, only a few practicing dental surgeons and maxillofacial surgeons pay due attention to the type and structure of the mucous membrane of the alveolar process in the area of dental implantation, which confirms the relevance of the issue under consideration and makes the study worthwhile.
The aim of the study is to determine the dependence of the development of mucositis on the anatomical structure of the mucous membrane in the area of dental implant placement.
Objects and methods. There were 42 patients under observation who had dental implants installed simultaneously with the gingival cuff shaper. The mobility and thickness of the mucous membrane in the implant area, the ratio of attached and free gums were determined in patients. The type of gum mucosa is represented by two variants: thin (mucosal biotype) and dense (fibrous biotype).
Results and discussion. Analysis of the structure of the mucous membrane of the alveolar process showed that the mucosal biotype was detected in 8 (19.0%) patients (in the frontal region of the lower jaw – 5 (10.7%) and in the premolar region of the upper and lower jaw – 3 (8.3%). Fibrous biotype was detected in 34 (81.0%) patients, in the lower jaw in the molar region – 27 (63.8%) and in 7 (17.2%) patients in the upper jaw molars.
Conclusion. The conducted study and its results give grounds to conclude that there is a direct dependence of the development of mucositis on the anatomical structure of the mucous membrane in the area of dental implant placement. This, in turn, is the basis for the development of a set of targeted preventive measures, the
introduction of which into the practical activities of dental specialists engaged in dental implantation will reduce the number of complications of this type of medical rehabilitation, improve the quality of life of patients and positively affect the level of specialized medical care to the population.

Keywords: dental implantation, mucous membrane, oral cavity, prognosis, mucositis, marginal gum, attached gum, movable gum

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: shevelatatyana@mail.ru