Dentist № 1 (56) – 2025, pp. 29-35                                                                                                                        SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

The evaluation of the effectiveness of a new method of prosthetics for patients with partial secondary adentia

S.V. Pryalkina, S.P. Rubnikovichb

aBelarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
bMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2025.1(56).5

ABSTRACT
The aim of the study. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the hybrid method of fixing dentures supported by dental implants in patients with partial secondary adentia of the lower jaw.
Objects and methods. The study included 70 patients with adentia of the lower jaw who were in the orthopedic dentistry department of the UZ “2nd City Clinical Hospital” of Minsk in 2019-2024. The inclusion criteria for the study were as follows: practically healthy individuals aged 35-44 years, partial secondary adentia of the lower jaw in the lateral sections, Kennedy class 2, no bleeding on probing, OHI-S no more than 0.6 points.
Results and discussion. It was found that cement fixation of metal-ceramic structures supported by dental implants is not as effective as the hybrid fixation method, as it leads to deterioration of peri-implant tissues and decrease in bone density of the alveolar process of the lower jaw in the area of the missing molar of patients in the dynamics of clinical observation. 18 months after treatment, when assessing the condition of the periodontium, good treatment results were noted in 9 patients (34.6%) of the comparison group – in the absence of complaints, minor deviations in the levels of GI and PMA index indicators remained. Satisfactory treatment results were found in 26 (65.4%) patients of this group.
Conclusion.  The use of metal-ceramic prostheses supported by dental implants, fixed using the hybrid fixation method, compared with the use of cement fixation 12-18 months after treatment made it possible to obtain good results in 97.1% of patients. Cement fixation of a metal-ceramic structure supported by dental implants, compared with the hybrid fixation method, leads to deterioration of the peri-implant tissues and a decrease in the bone density of the alveolar process of the lower jaw in the area of the missing molar in patients in the dynamics of clinical observation. In the long-term observation periods after 18 months, only 34.6% of individuals showed good treatment results.

Keywords: partial secondary adentia, dental implants, fixation

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: rubnikovichs@mail.ru