Stomatologist № 1 (36) – 2020, pp. 60-64                                                                                 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION. BELARUS

Local anesthetics: retrospective analysis of the results of allergological studies in dental patients

I.O. Pohodenko-Chudakovaa, E.V. Maksimovichb, A.V. Gorochovac, G.V. Polevechkod

aMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
bMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
cBelarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
dClinical Hospital N 10, Minsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/stomatologist.2020.1(36).1

ABSTRACT
The aim of the study.The trials’ aim was to analyze the results of allergic tests of mast cell degranulation reaction (MCDR) and enzyme immunoassay (EI) for 2016−2017, to compare the data of tests performed on local anesthetics.
Objects and methods. The results of 3253 allergic studies for 2016−2017 of patients in Minsk, initiated by dentists because of common reactions occurred after the injections of local anesthetics in the treatment and removal of teeth that were not differentiated from allergic ones, were analyzed. A statistical analysis of the numerical values of MCDR and EI for each of the studied local anesthetics was carried out using the application package “Statistica 10.0”.
Results and discussion. During the analysis of the obtained data, it was revealed that most often patients underwent MCDR studies with the local anesthetic “Lidocaine” (n = 1320), “Ultracain DS” (n = 1062), “Ubistesin” (n = 890). The positive results of MCDR in patients for the all analyzed local anesthetics was revealed in 333 (6.1%) cases. For local anesthetics “Septonest”, “Ubistezin”, “Ubistezin forte”, “Scandonest”, in the presence of positive results of MCDR, there were no positive results of EI. As a result of the trial, it was also revealed that in the structure of allergological tests, the ratio of the number of analyses of MCDR and EI for local anesthetics was MCDR −78.0%, while EI only 22.0%.
Conclusion. Based on the study, it can be concluded that most of the results of MCDR on local anesthetics in excess of the norm were not confirmed by positive results of ELISA. The highest number of positive results of EI, which confirms the presence of a true allergic reaction, was recorded in local anesthetics “Ultracaine DS” and “Lidocaine”.

Keywords: anesthetics, mast cell degranulation reaction, enzyme immunoassay

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