Stomatologist № 1 (36) – 2020, pp. 66-75                                                                                 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION. BELARUS

Scheme of secondary medical prevention of pre-tumor diseases of the oral mucosa

N.A. Karpuka, S.P. Rubnikovichb, I.V. Samsonovaa

aMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus
bMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/stomatologist.2020.1(36).12

ABSTRACT
The Republic of Belarus is included in the group of countries with a high risk of developing malignant neoplasms of the oral mucosa.
The aim of the studyis to develop a method of secondary medical prevention of precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa (PPDOM) to increase the efficiency of the diagnosis of oral mucosa (OM) tumors in the early stages and timely treatment of patients.
Objects and methods. The work is based on a retrospective and prospective study of the results of the examination and treatment of 92 patients with PPDOM observed in the Vitebsk Regional Clinical Dental Center and in the Vitebsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary.
Results and discussion. The principles of examining patients with PPDOM and the cytological principle of clinical examination of patients with PPDOM are described, which can serve as the basis for organizing a monitoring system in the implementation of early cancer diagnosis programs, as part of the development of an order of the Ministry of Health of the Republic for the early detection of head and neck malignancies, the procedure for the follow-up of patients with precancerous diseases of the head and neck. The cytology of the OM epithelium is a non-invasive method of screening for PPDOM and addition to histology, and a positive correlation between them justifies the use of cytology as a tool in the initial diagnosis of PPDOM and in subsequent examinations as part of the clinical examination of patients.
Conclusion. The developed method of secondary medical prophylaxis of precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa with analysis of risk factors, clinical and laboratory monitoring to increase the efficiency of diagnosis of OM tumors at the earliest stages and provide a more effective and less expensive and complex treatment of cancer of the OM.

Keywords: pre-cancer diseases, oral mucosa, prevention

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: ikarpuk@mail.ru