Dentist № 1 (48) – 2023, pp. 36-41                                                                                                             SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

Dental care for patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws

A.A. Kabanovaa, S.A. Kabanovab, K.S. Vodnevc, M.A. Leutac

aMD, PhD, DMSci, Associate Professor, Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus
bMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus
cVitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2023.1(48).8

ABSTRACT
The aim of the study – to analyze the current understanding of the causes, risk factors, pathogenesis of medication-related osteonecrosis of jaws (MRONJ), on the basis of which to determine the providing of dental care to patients of this category.
Objects and methods. The analysis was performed using The Cochrane Library, PubMED, Scopus databases. Systematic reviews, articles, international protocols and recommendations that meet the criteria of evidence-based medicine have been studied.
Results and discussion. The current literature indicates that the risk of MRONJ is significantly higher in cancer patients compared with patients receiving antiresorptive therapy for osteoporosis. MRONJ occurs more frequently in the mandible (75 %) than in the maxilla (25 %), but may occur in both jaws (4.5 %). For cancer patients taking bisphosphonates, the risk of MRONJ after tooth extraction is 15 % or more. In a small percentage of patients receiving antiresorptive drugs, MRONJ develops spontaneously, more frequently MRONJ manifests as a complication of dentoalveolar surgery.
Conclusion. The dentist must have information about taking medications and comorbidities of the patient who is to undergo dental treatment. Dental manipulations on the background of antiresorptive therapy should be performed after clear planning, with regular monitoring. The issues of complication prevention are required attention of dentists and oncologists, therapists.

Keywords: medication-related osteonecrosis of jaws, prevention, treatment, dental care

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: arinakabanova@mail.ru