Dentist № 3 (50) – 2023, pp. 34-39                                                                                                             SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

Disorders of microelement stability and decreased functional stability of enamel under the influence of odontopreparation

S.I. Gazhvaa, Yu.V. Gazhvab, A.G. Manukyanc, K.A. Yanyshevac, N.A. Abdullaevc, E.A. Knyashchukc

aMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
bMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
cPrivolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2023.3(50).3

ABSTRACT
Changes in enamel structure under the influence of external mechanical factors, including odontopreparation, is the basis for clarification of quantitative and qualitative its microelement composition depending on the way of treatment of surface layers of enamel and determination of the degree of violation of its stability and functional stability.
The aim of the study. To estimate qualitative and quantitative microelement composition of enamel at the stage of odontopreparation of tooth samples by different methods under experimental conditions.
Objects and methods. 60 biological samples made from teeth extracted for orthodontic and orthopedic indications, divided into 3 groups depending on the type of preparation (diamond burs, aluminum oxide powder). Experimental, analytical, statistical, kinetic, mechanical, scanning electron microscopy, micro X-ray spectral analysis.
Results and discussion. In group 2, compared with group 1, against a background of negative dynamics of carbon (from 28.4 % to 26.1 At %), sodium (from 0.55 % to 0.54 At %), magnesium (from 0.45 % to 0.21 At %), aluminum (from 0.49 % to 0.24 At %), calcium (from 15.8 % to 18, 04 At %) and phosphorus (from 8.27 % to 9.96 At %) increased, whereas in group 3, compared with group 2, there were increases in oxygen (from 41.67 % to 47.69 At %) and sodium (from 0.54 % to 0.71 At %). When affecting the tooth mechanically with diamond drills, the outer mineralized enamel surface is removed, which reduces its stability and increases brittleness. Air-abrasive dentistry selectively removes the surface mineralized layer of enamel, which allows this technology to be considered more sparing and organ-preserving.
Conclusion. Thus, the results of the studies confirm the presence of quantitative and qualitative changes in the microelement composition of enamel under the influence of odontopreparation, which does not allow to maintain its stability and realize the function in full.

Keywords: enamel, microelement composition, odontopreparation

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: yanysheva.k@mail.ru