Dentist № 3 (50) – 2023, pp. 8-13                                                                                                             SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

The prevalence of bruxism in combination with parafunctions of the masticatory muscles in patients of different age groups seeking dental treatment

S.P. Rubnikovicha, Yu.L. Denisovaa, E.V. Kuzmenkob, A.S. Grishchenkovb, S.G. Pashkevichc

aMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
bMD, PhD, Associate professor, Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus
cPhD (Biol.), Associate professor, Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2023.3(50).6

ABSTRACT
Episodes of bruxism are characterized by reactions of the autonomic nervous system, determined by the development of tachycardia and the growth of sympathetic tone, increased breathing and the tone of the masticatory muscles, leading to the destruction of teeth, which determines the relevance of developing a comprehensive physiological approach to identify the brain features of people with manifestations of bruxism and other conditions associated with excessive motor activity.
The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of bruxism and parafunctions of the masticatory muscles in patients of different age groups seeking dental care.
Objects and methods. The data of 1269 records of patients of WHO key age groups applied for dental care were analyzed.
Results and discussion. It was found that in 6-year-old children, sleep bruxism occurs in 15.5 ± 2.14 % of cases, wakefulness bruxism occurs in 32.7 ± 1.71 % of cases; in 12-year-old children, sleep bruxism occurs in 14.3 ± 4.54 % of cases, wakefulness bruxism occurs in 27.5 ± 3.22 % of cases; in 15-year-old children, sleep bruxism occurs in 11.7 ± 2.05 % of cases, bruxism of wakefulness – in 25.5 ± 1.75 % of cases. In patients aged 35–44 years, sleep bruxism occurs in 12.3 % ± 2.71 %, wakefulness bruxism – in 26.8 ± 3.28 % of cases. In patients of the key group aged 65–74, sleep bruxism occurs in 6.4 % ± 1.48 %, wakefulness bruxism – in 15.3 ± 2.05 % of cases.
Conclusion. Based on the conducted research, it was found that the frequency of occurrence of nocturnal bruxism tends to decrease with age. The data obtained indicate a two-fold predominance of diurnal bruxism over nocturnal bruxism. The study revealed a positive correlation between the presence of parafunctions of the masticatory muscles, bruxism and the presence of dental anomalies and deformities in patients of all age groups.

Keywords: bruxism, nocturnal bruxism, diurnal bruxism, masticatory muscle parafunctions

References

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: rubnikovichs@mail.ru