Dentist № 3 (54) – 2024, pp. 28-36                                                                                                                        SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

Treating of patients with leukoplakia of the oral mucosa

N.A. Karpuk

MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2024.3(54).4

ABSTRACT
The aim of the study. Development of an effective treatment method of leukoplakia of the oral mucosa.
Objects and methods. 39 patients received traditional medical therapy, including oil solutions of vitamins A, E – 5 %, methyluracil 5-10 % ointment; 0.05 % chlorhexidine solution. 41 patients were treated using the proposed method. Patients were prescribed Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) orally at a dosage of 1.6-1.8 mg for 24 days. On the 15th day after the start of Vitamin B2 intake, laser therapy was performed locally for 10 days once a day, sequentially affecting the lesion with laser radiation of the violet spectrum with a wavelength of 405  ±  5 nm and the red spectrum of light with a wavelength of 650  ±  5 nm for 3 minutes of irradiation of each field.
Results and discussion. The developed method makes it possible to obtain a stable pronounced therapeutic effect (p  <  0.05), determined by a lower number of leukoplakia recurrences in patients 18 months after treatment  – 3 (7.3  %), compared with 9 (23  %)  – with traditional treatment. After treatment, the proposed method normalizes the microcirculation of the oral mucosa (p < 0.05) (the index of peripheral blood circulation of the Dedova before treatment is 0.68, after – 0.95), and the traditional one is not (before treatment 0.65, after – 0.69). Monitoring the quality of life of patients (OHIP-14) revealed statistically significant changes before and after treatment with both methods, however, when comparing quality of life indicators, it was found that treatment with the proposed method maximally improved the quality of life compared to traditional treatment.
Conclusion. The proposed method is safe, feasible in a dental clinic, well tolerated for patients (complications and side effects were not found) and increases the effectiveness of leukoplakia treatment in in comparison with traditional treatment (p < 0.05).

Keywords: treatment, leukoplakia, mucous membrane of the mouth, riboflavin, laser

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: ikarpuk@mail.ru