Dentist № 3 (58) – 2025, pp. 44-51                                                                                                                        SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

Informative value and reliability of methods for studying the condition of hard and periapical tissues of permanent teeth

T.N. Terekhovaa, T.A. Pykob

aMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
bBelarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2025.3(58).5

ABSTRACT
The aim of the study. To compare the informative value and reliability of methods for studying hard and periapical tissues condition of permanent teeth.
Objects and methods. The research material consisted of 414 orthopantomograms and 414 cone-beam computed tomograms of children aged 6-17 years, which examined the hard and periapical tissues condition of 8458 permanent teeth. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the Microsoft Excel program. The significance of the differences when comparing two independent groups was determined by the χ2 (Pearson) criterion with a critical significance level of 0.05 when testing statistical hypotheses.
Results and discussion. In the study of computed tomograms, teeth with diseases of the pulp and periapical tissues were registered in 104 (25.12 %) people, which is highly significant (χ2  = 64.40; p < 0.001) 1.76 times more often than with the use of orthopantomograms. When using CBCT, 2.73 times (63.4 %) more teeth with carious cavities communicating with the tooth cavity and having changes in the periapical tissues were detected than on orthopantomograms. A more accurate diagnosis was carried out using this method (χ2 1–3 = 81.9; p < 0.001). Sensitivity is 63.9 %, specificity is 91.2 %.
Conclusion.  The most informative method of studying the hard and periapical tissues condition of permanent teeth is CBCT (the number of revealed carious cavities communicating with the tooth cavity and changes in periapical tissues is 2.73 times more). The most common diseases of pulp and periapical tissues were registered in the first permanent molars (n = 98; 60.9 %), central incisors (n = 16; 9.9 %) and second molars (n = 16; 9.9 %). The canines are most rarely affected by diseases of the pulp and periapical tissues (n = 2; 1.2 %). Modern imaging techniques, such as CBCT, provide high diagnostic accuracy without the need for invasive procedures and allow for more effective treatment planning, avoiding complications, and improving treatment outcomes.

Keywords: orthopantomography, cone beam computed tomography, diseases of the pulp and periapical tissues

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