Dentist № 4 (59) – 2025, pp. 46-55                                                                                                                        SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

The Influence of Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis on Periodontal Tissue Morphology in an experiment

M.V. Apanasovicha, T.A. Letkovskayab, Yu.L. Denisovaс

aBelarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
bMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
cMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2025.4(59).1

ABSTRACT
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a complex, multifactorial pathogenesis that affects both joints and other tissues. Its etiology remains largely unclear despite extensive research. To date, a genetic predisposition to RA has been established, and the role of risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and gut microbiota dysbiosis has been confirmed. Particular significance in RA development is attributed to studying the role of the inflammatory and destructive lesion of periodontal tissues, known as periodontitis (PD).
The aim of the study. To conduct a comparative morphological analysis of the dynamics of pathological changes in periodontal tissues against the background of experimental adjuvant-induced arthritis in laboratory animals over time.
Objects and methods. Female Wistar rats weighing 60-70 g, maintained on a standard vivarium diet, were chosen as the study subjects. All animals involved in the experiment were divided into three groups. In the first (control) group, animals were not subjected to any interventions. In the second group, experimental periodontitis was modeled. In the third group, experimental periodontitis was modeled in combination with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA).
Results and discussion. Microscopic examination of the main study group revealed various pathological changes, including lesions of both the gingival epithelium and the subepithelial tissues of the periodontium.
Conclusion. In animals with modeled adjuvant-induced arthritis (the main group), a progressive deterioration in the condition of periodontal tissues was observed. By day 14, this deterioration was characterized by pronounced sclerotic changes in the connective tissue.

Keywords: adjuvant-induced arthritis, experimental periodontitis, morphology

References

  1. Gromyko M.V., Gricuk A.I. Jeksperimental’nye modeli revmatoidnogo artrita [Experimental models of rheumatoid arthritis]. Problemy zdorov’ja i jekologii – Problems of health and ecology. 2012, no №2, pp. 115-118. doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2012-9-2-22
  2. Dedova, L.N. Morfologicheskie izmenenija pri jeksperimental’nom periodontite pod dejstviem vakuum-darsonvalizacii [Morphological changes in experimental periodontitis under the influence of vacuum-darsonvalization]. Zdravoohranenie. – ealthcare. 1998, no 5, pp. 20- 22.
  3. Golub L.M., Payne J.B., Reinhardt R.A., Nieman G. Can systemic diseases co induce (not just exacerbate) periodontitis? A hypothetical "two-hit" model. J Dent Res. 2006, V. 85(2), pp. 102-5. doi: 10.1177/154405910608500201.
  4. Kaur S., White S., Bartold M. Periodontal Disease as a Risk Factor for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review. JBI Libr Syst Rev. 2012, V. 10(42 Suppl), pp. 1-12. doi: 10.11124/jbisrir-2012-288.
  5. Ramamurthy N.S., Greenwald R.A., Celiker M.Y., Shi E.Y. Experimental arthritis in rats induces biomarkers of periodontitis which are ameliorated by gene therapy with tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases. J Periodontol. 2005, V. 76(2), pp. 229-33. doi: 10.1902/jop.2005.76.2.229.
  6. Wegner N., Wait R., Sroka A., Eick S., Nguyen K.A., Lundberg K., Kinloch A., Culshaw S., Potempa J., Venables P.J. Peptidylarginine deiminase from Porphyromonas gingivalis citrullinates human fibrinogen and α-enolase: implications for autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2010, V. 62(9), pp. 2662-72. doi: 10.1002/art.27552.
  7. Whiteley P.E., Dalrymple S.A. Models of inflammation: adjuvant-induced arthritis in the rat. Current Protocols in Pharmacology. 2001, Chapter 5, Unit5.5. doi: 10.1002/0471141755.ph0505s138

Correspondence to:  E-mail: denisova_yul@mail.ru