Dentist № 4 (39) – 2020, pp. 35-41                                                                                                   SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

Beta-lactamase activity of oral fluid: mechanism of development

I.V. Zhyltsou

MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2020.4(39).7

ABSTRACT
The aim of the study. To clarify the nature of the beta-lactamase activity of oral fluid, to evaluate the contribution of endogenous host factors to it.
Objects and methods. Saliva samples of patients with purulent inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity. The following experiments were performed: 1) the fractionation of the saliva samples (n = 4) with preparative disc electrophoresis; 2) processing of saliva samples with the most high beta-lactamase activity (n = 10) with Blue Sepharose; 3) inhibition of beta-lactamase activity of saliva samples (n = 16) with tazobactam sodium solution in final concentration 5 mg/ml. Determination of the level of saliva beta-lactamase activity was performed by spectrophotometric registration of nitrocefin decay level.
Results and discussion. Fractionation of saliva samples with the isolated determining of beta-lactamase activity of protein fractions demonstrated that maximum activity corresponded to proteins with a very low concentration and molecular weight of about 30–35 kDa. Processing of samples of saliva with granules of Blue Sepharose showed that 4 of 10 samples preserved their beta-lactamase activity almost unchanged, while in the remaining 6 it declined by an average of 19,9 Ѓ} 4,4%. Inhibition of beta-lactamase activity of saliva samples with tazobactam solution led to a mean decrease of this activity by 83,2 Ѓ} 21,6%.
Conclusion. Thus, ≈80% of beta-lactamase activity of saliva is mediated by bacterial beta-lactamases (predominantly of A class), and ≈20% – by the endogenous factors of the human organism (mainly by the human serum albumin). Beta-lactamase activity of most samples of saliva is mediated only by the beta-lactamases of A class, so it is recommended to use the inhibitor-protected beta-lactam antibiotics in such patients.

Keywords: beta-lactamase activity, oral fluid, empirical antibiotic therapy, purulent inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: zhyltsou@tut.by