Stomatologist № 2 (37) – 2020, pp. 8-13                                                                                                      REVIEWS, EDUCATIONAL ARTICLES

The use of dental intraoral devices for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

S.P. Rubnikovicha, Yu.L. Denisovab, I.N. Baradinac, V.G. Shishovd, Yu.A. Kosteckiyc, D.M. Borodine

aMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus
bMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
cMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus
dBelarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus
eState Institution “N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus”, Minsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/stomatologist.2020.2(37).5

ABSTRACT
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is one of the common diseases associated with sleep disturbance.
The aim of the study. Conduct an analytical review of the literature on the use of dental intraoral devices in the treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
Objects and methods. For analysis, scientific articles were selected on the use of dental intraoral devices in the treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea over the period 2000–2019.
Results and discussion. Clinical recommendations for the use of dental intraoral devices in the treatment of OSAS are contradictory. A number of studies are devoted to the use of dental intraoral devices in the treatment of mild to moderate OSAS, not taking into account the condition of the dentofacial system and the anatomical structure of the upper respiratory tract. There is noscientific data on the features of adaptation of  patients with diseases of the temporomandibular joint to dental intraoral devices in the treatment of OSAS. The existing principles for the treatment of OSAS using dental intraoral devices do not take into account the peculiarities of using individual devices taking into account the neuromuscular state of the maxillofacial region.
Conclusion. Dental intraoral devices that are currently used to treat patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome comprise heterogeneous groups of devices that differ in their manufacturing method and application efficiency. The lack of a scientific methodology for the use of dental intraoral devices in the treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea in combination with diseases of the temporomandibular joint encourages the development of a special individual device that will increase the anatomical volume of the upper respiratory tract and the functional position of the lower jaw, taking into account the neuromuscular stability of the muscular-articular complex of the maxillofacial area.

Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, dental intraoral devices

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: rubnikovichs@yandex.ru