Dentist № 3 (42) – 2021, pp. 40-47                                                                                         SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION

Beta-lactamase activity of oral fluid: clinical aspects of the phenomenon

I.V. Zhyltsou

MD, PhD, DMSci, Associate Professor, Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus

https://doi.org/10.32993/dentist.2021.3(42).4

ABSTRACT
The aim of the study. To characterize the features of the beta-lactamase activity of the human oral fluid and to reveal the impact of its level on the effectiveness of empirical etiotropic therapy with beta-lactam antibiotics, prescribed to the patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases (PID) of the maxillofacial region (MFR).
Objects and methods. The experimental group of patients with PID of MFR (n = 158) included patients with “therapeutic” (n = 57) and “surgical” (n = 101) PID of MFR. Determination of the level of beta-lactamase activity of the oral fluid and clinical isolates of microorganisms was performed by spectrophotometric registration of the level of decay of a standard amount of nitrocefin added to the samples.
Results and discussion. In 97.4% of cases, the oral fluid of patients with PID of MFR had some beta-lactamase activity, the level of which ranged from zero to submaximal (94.3%). Statistically significant direct Spearman correlations were found between the level of beta-lactamase activity of the oral fluid and the ineffectiveness of the antibiotic therapy. 85 pure cultures of pathogenic microorganisms (S. epidermidis, beta-hemolytic
streptococci of group A, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, E. coli) were isolated from the samples of the oral fluid of patients with PID of MFR. At the same time, the level of beta-lactamase activity of the oral fluid of patients with PID of MFR did not correlate with the levels of beta-lactamase activity of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms isolated from the corresponding samples of oral fluid.
Conclusion. Beta-lactamase activity of various expression is characteristic of the oral fluid. In groups of patients with both “therapeutic” and “surgical” PID of MFR, the increase in the level of beta-lactamase activity of the oral fluid is reliably associated with a decrease in the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy.

Keywords: beta-lactamase activity, oral fluid, resistance to antibiotics, pathogenic microorganisms, antibacterial therapy

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Correspondence to:  Е-mail: zhyltsou@tut.by