Stomatologist № 4 (31) – 2018, pp.88-93                                                                                                                                 Scientific publication

Histological and pathophysiological changes in the vascular structure of the tooth pulp during its devitalization

S.V. Siraka, I.A. Kopylovab
aMD, PhD, DMSci, Professor, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia
bMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia

https://doi.org/10.32993/stomatologist.2018.4(31).16

ABSTRACT
The article deals with issues related to the study of the pathophysiological reactions of the vascular bed of tooth pulp during its devitalization. Impaired microcirculation and morphological changes in the pulp during devitalization occur in the form of increasing sclerotic changes in the vessels.
The aim of the study: is to investigate the state of the microvascular system of dental pulp during its devitalization using arsenic anhydride and paraformaldehyde.
Objects and methods. Trepanning of the tooth and exposure of the pulp were performed on sheep under general anaesthesia. The paraformaldehyde and arsenic anhydride were laid on the opened pulp, then the teeth were removed and the slides were prepared from the pulp by fixing in formalin, decalcification in nitric acid and staining by Mallory and Masson. The researchers conducted an electronic microscopic examination.
Results and discussion. The results were analyzed and interpreted on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 14th days of the experiment. Changes in the microcirculation of the tooth pulp, decrease in the diameter of arterioles, hyperemic reaction, spasm of arteriolar-arteriolar bridges, narrowing of the walls in arterioles and pulp precapillaries were noted.
Conclusions.. Devitalization with paraformaldehyde is characterized by the most pronounced changes in the capillary, precapillary and arterial microcirculation that leads to slowly increasing hypoxia, metabolic disorders and dystrophic changes in the pulp. Devitalization with arsenic anhydride provides the destruction of the microvasculature in the form of the irreversible process by the end of the first day, culminating on the third day with total necrosis of the entire vascular system of the tooth pulp.

Keywords: pulp, experiment, blood vessels.

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